BHCT 258 PRACTICAL - 3 THEME BASED RESTAURANT DESIGNING
Course Name: BHMCT Semester: 4th Paper Code: BHCT- 258
Practical: Theme Based Restaurant
Designing
ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNING
A RESTAURANT THEME
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
All visual designs are reduced to elements or
dimensions. The elements of art are the basic structure and comprise of
line, form, colour, texture, pattern, light and space, which apply to the
furnishings and room planning. The effect of these elements is reflected by our
instinct and intellect. They make a visual impact and evoke emotional
response.
Following are the different elements of art and
design:
Ø LINE:
Directions of line such as vertical, horizontal,
diagonal or curved express various ideas and themes. Straight vertical lines
convey strength and force, while the horizontal lines suggest response, secrecy
and relaxation. Curved lines introduce a softening effect while spiral
lines show activity and interest. Lines can be used to introduce variety
and design.
Ø FORM:
Form and line are closely related wherein the
combination of curve, straight or diagonal lines help to produce the three
dimensions and create form and shade. Form represents solid and tangible substances.
Horizontal and vertical lines combine to create a rectangular or square
form. Curved lines create circular form. Form can be created within
enclosed space by arranging substances.
Ø COLOUR:
The main characteristics of colours are hue, value and
intensity. Hue is the name of the specific colour; value which
represents lightness or darkness; intensity the brightness or darkness of the
colour.
Ø TEXTURE:
The roughness or smoothness of a surface is referred
to as texture. Texture is found in wall finishes, carpets, furniture,
paintings etc. The texture quality of any surface is controlled by touch.
It also makes a difference to the depth of colour, which results in brightness
or darkness of a colour. The coarser the texture, the lesser is the amount
of light reflected and therefore the duller the colour.
Ø PATTERN:
Colour is used frequently in connection with
pattern. This adds interest and variety to a decorated scheme.
Careful consideration is necessary before introducing pattern. Too much
of pattern disturbs the eye and creates restlessness in a room. Pattern
is introduced through floors, floor coverings, through walls, wall coverings,
furniture, furnishings and fittings.
Ø LIGHTS:
This is an art element, which is both functional and
decorative. It has a dispute, proportional and emotional effect. Colour
depends upon the light in which an object is viewed. The quality of light
is important for colour. The utility of the room should be considered
while planning lighting. Natural and artificial lighting should be
selected appropriately. This may cause variation in the appearance of
colours.
Ø SPACE:
The importance of space as on art element is widely
recognised. Space organisation is a basic element in architecture and
interior design. Space creates beauty and is necessary for areas to be
used effectively. Fluidity or flow in the room is important and the eye is
encouraged to travel small spaces can be enlarged by using large glass windows.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN:
The elements of art are line, form, colour and
texture. This must be handled within conformity with certain principles
and laws that govern their use if beauty is to result. Every art field
has certain guidelines that are to be followed and the same is applicable in
planning of interiors.
1. SCALE AND PROPORTION:
Proportion is the law of relationship, which demands
that all space divisions should be pleasingly related to each other and to the
whole. A square room is more difficult to arrange and uninteresting to
live in. Rooms should be preferably furnished with smaller furniture
types and consistent patterns. The furniture should be in proportion to
the size and height of the room and its architectural features.
2. BALANCE:
It is the principle of design, which produces a
feeling of restfulness and contentment. Balance deals with quantity or
number in the arrangement, colour and distribution of pattern or plain
surfaces. Balance is the result of equalisation of attraction on either
side of a central point. Balance can be attributed to colours, texture,
pattern and light.
There are two types of balance:
Formal Balance and Informal Balance
Ø Formal Balance:
Formal or symmetrical balance occurs when objects of
equal size and weight are placed on each side and at equal distance from the
centre. When they are identical, the balance is symmetrical.
Ø Informal Balance:
Informal or asymmetrical balance results when objects
are arranged in such a way that a large one nears the centre, smaller ones away
from the centre. Both types of balances are attractive. Formal
represents intellect while informal represents feelings. This also has
emotional significances.
3. RHYTHM:
This is the principle of design that suggests
connected movement in a pleasant manner. It can be obtained through a
repetition of light, forms, and colours or through a progression of rise or
continuous line movement. Rhythm is achieved through repetition,
progression, transition, opposition and radiation.
4. EMPHASIS:
It is the principle of design that centres interest on
the most important thing in the arrangement in a room. Emphasis may be centred
on a painting, fireplace, window treatment or furniture grouping. All
other parts must be subordinated to the interesting point. It is better
to understand emphasised rather than over emphasized. Emphasis can be
created at any point in the room. Dramatic use of art components creates
emphasis i.e. large and unusual forms, different surface patterns, more light
elsewhere and unusual texture and contrasting colours.
5. HARMONY AND UNITY:
It is the expression of an agreeable combination of
all the parts that are produced. In other words, if all other elements of
design have been combined as per the principles, it inevitably results in
unity. Unity and harmony demand that size, shape, textures, colours and ideas
are pleasingly related e.g. a copper lamp would look charming in an ethnic
arrangement but not in a modern formal one.
PPT OF PRACTICAL
ppt
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